Scatter plot with ggplot2

r
ggplot2
Author

Guorui Zhong

Published

Sunday, March 5, 2023

Make a nice scatter plot

pacman::p_load(
    tidyverse,
    ggpubr,
    ggprism,
    patchwork,
    ggsci,
    gapminder,
    here,
    ggthemes,
    countrycode,
    mapproj
)
### subset data
df <- gapminder %>%
    filter(year == "2007") %>%
    mutate(
        pop2 = pop + 1,
        continent = case_when(
            continent == "Oceania" ~ "Asia",
            TRUE ~ as.character(continent)
        ) %>% as.factor() %>%
            fct_relevel("Asia", "Americas", "Europe", "Africa")
    )
df
## # A tibble: 142 × 7
##    country     continent  year lifeExp       pop gdpPercap      pop2
##    <fct>       <fct>     <int>   <dbl>     <int>     <dbl>     <dbl>
##  1 Afghanistan Asia       2007    43.8  31889923      975.  31889924
##  2 Albania     Europe     2007    76.4   3600523     5937.   3600524
##  3 Algeria     Africa     2007    72.3  33333216     6223.  33333217
##  4 Angola      Africa     2007    42.7  12420476     4797.  12420477
##  5 Argentina   Americas   2007    75.3  40301927    12779.  40301928
##  6 Australia   Asia       2007    81.2  20434176    34435.  20434177
##  7 Austria     Europe     2007    79.8   8199783    36126.   8199784
##  8 Bahrain     Asia       2007    75.6    708573    29796.    708574
##  9 Bangladesh  Asia       2007    64.1 150448339     1391. 150448340
## 10 Belgium     Europe     2007    79.4  10392226    33693.  10392227
## # ℹ 132 more rows
ggplot(data = df, aes(x = gdpPercap, y = lifeExp)) +
    geom_point(aes(size = pop, color = continent)) +
    geom_point(aes(size = pop2), color = "black", shape = 21) +
    scale_x_log10(breaks = c(
        500, 1000, 2000, 4000,
        8000, 16000, 32000, 64000
    )) +
    scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 90, by = 10)) +
    scale_color_manual(values = c(
        "#F15772", "#7EEB03",
        "#FBE700", "#54D5E9"
    )) +
    scale_size_continuous(range = c(1, 30)) +
    # guides(size = FALSE, color = FALSE) +
    guides(fill = guide_legend(override.aes = list(size =5))) +
    labs(x = "Income", y = "Life expectancy") +
    theme_minimal() +
    #   annotate("text", x = 4000, y = 45, hjust = 0.5,
    #            size = 85, color = "#999999",
    #            label = "2007", alpha = .3,
    #            family = "Helvetica Neue") +
    annotate("segment",
        x = 0, xend = 2014, y = 46.9, yend = 46.9,
        color = "#606F7B", linetype = 2, linewidth = .2
    ) +
    annotate("segment",
        x = 2014, xend = 2014, y = 0, yend = 46.9,
        color = "#606F7B", linetype = 2, linewidth = .2
    ) +
    annotate("text",
        x = 28200, y = 2,
        label = "per person (GDP/capita, PPP$ inflation-adjusted)",
        size = 2.8, color = "#999999"
    ) +
    annotate("text",
        x = 2304, y = 42, hjust = 0,
        size = 3.5,
        label = paste0(
            "Nigeria had a life expectancy of\n",
            "46.9 years and an annual income of",
            "\n$2014 per year per person in 2007"
        )
    ) +
    theme(
        panel.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
        plot.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
        plot.margin = unit(rep(1, 4), "cm"),
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major = element_line(
            linewidth = 0.2,
            color = "#e5e5e5"
        ),
        axis.title.y = element_text(
            margin = margin(r = 15),
            size = 11,
            family = "Helvetica Neue Light"
        ),
        axis.title.x = element_text(
            margin = margin(t = 15),
            size = 11,
            family = "Helvetica Neue Light"
        ),
        axis.text = element_text(family = "Helvetica Neue Light"),
        axis.line = element_line(
            color = "#999999",
            size = 0.2
        )
    ) +
    coord_cartesian(ylim = c(4.1, 86))
## Warning: The `size` argument of `element_line()` is deprecated as of ggplot2 3.4.0.
## ℹ Please use the `linewidth` argument instead.
## Warning: Transformation introduced infinite values in continuous x-axis


# ggsave(
#     here("blog", "2023", "03", "05", "plot.png")
# )